2019 Floriculture Career Development Event

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Wreaths, garlands, loose flowers and petals were the floral design styles used during which historical floral period?
A. Greek and Roman
B. Victorian
C. Art Deco
D. Art Nouveau
ANS: A

2. Which historical floral period includes floral design styles that were massed, rounded and fan-shaped?
A. Egyptian
B. Art Deco
C. American Colonial
D. Oriental
ANS: C

3. Which principal of design is defined as ‘a oneness or being complete in itself’?
A. Harmony
B. Unity
C. Proportion
D. Line
ANS: B

4. What color adaptation is created by adding gray to a pure hue?
A. Chroma
B. Tint
C. Tone
D. Shade
ANS: C

5. Which color scheme or color harmony includes hues that are adjacent to each other on the color wheel?
A. Complementary
B. Analogous
C. Monochromatic
D. Triadic
ANS: B

6. When an arrangement is too small for its surroundings, it is said to be out of _______________.
A. Harmony
B. Tone
C. Rhythm
D. Proportion
ANS: D

7. Which color harmony uses two hues that are directly opposite to each other on the color wheel?
A. Complementary
B. Analogous
C. Monochromatic
D. Triadic
ANS: A

8. An appropriate lightweight wire to use for corsage construction is:
A. #18 gauge
B. #9 gauge
C. #22 gauge
D. #28 gauge
ANS: D

9. Chrysanthemums, Asters, Daisies, and other flat-faced flowers are wired for corsages using which method?
A. Pierce
B. Hook-Wiring
C. Stitch
D. Clutch or Wrap-Around
ANS: B

10. Which item is a floral piece worn by a man and typically worn on the right-side jacket lapel, near the buttonhole?
A. Corsage
B. Wristlet
C. Boutonniere
D. Clutch
ANS: C

11. Which of the following elements of design allows each flower/form to have its own individual importance?
A. Depth
B. Space
C. Form
D. Line
ANS: B

12. Which bouquet style would be best for a full wedding gown with a long train?
A. Tussy Mussy
B. Cascading
C. Presentation
D. Round Cluster
ANS: B

13. A Hogarth Curve floral design is created by
A. An “O” shape
B. A “C” shape
C. A “S” shape
D. A “H” shape
ANS: C

14. Clogged stems in cut flowers are caused by an air embolism. An air embolism is
A. Where disease organisms move into the flower from the air clogging the stem.
B. Where a bubble of air enters the xylem preventing water from reaching the flower.
C. Where the different between room and flower cooler temperature clog the stem.
D. Where the flower stem clogs when the flower cooler temperature drops below 36 degrees F.
ANS: B

15. Which wiring method should be used for carnations when they are to be used in corsages and boutonnieres?
A. Piercing
B. Clutch
C. Hook
D. Stitch
ANS: A

16. The part of the plant stem that produces all new cells is the
A. Heartwood
B. Xylem
C. Phloem
D. Cambium
ANS: D

17. In the following list of pesticides the ________________ must be mixed with water to apply.
A. Emulsifiable concentrate
B. Granules
C. Dusts
D. Baits
ANS: A

18. An acid loving crop grows best at a pH of ____________.
A. 6.8-7.4
B. 6.2-6.8
C. 4.5-5.8
D. 5.8-6.2
ANS: C

19. Auxins and gibberellic acid are hormones in plants that promote growth through ____________________.
A. Cell division
B. Cell enlargement
C. Cell specialization
D. Cell protection
ANS: B

20. Double layer poly should have how much space between layers for proper inflation and full insulation?
A. 1 inch
B. 12-14 inches
C. At least 2 feet
D. 6-8 inches
ANS: D

21. In a horticulture business, the product you choose to produce and retail should be at what price above the total production and marketing costs (all fixed and variable costs) to make it feasible to produce and sell?
A. 100%
B. 150%
C. 250%
D. 500%
ANS: C

22. The amount of light a plant receives greatly influences root growth, shoot growth, and flowering.
The highest quality greenhouse plants need ______________ foot candles of light per day?
A. 500-1,000
B. 2,000-3,000
C. 4,000-6,000
D. 7,000-8,000
ANS: C

23. Botrytis often presents itself on flowers as gray mold. This disease is caused by a(an) __________.
A. Fungus
B. Virus
C. Bacteria
D. Environmental Condition
ANS: A

24. The ______________ container is ½ as high as it is wide.
A. Standard pot
B. Bulb pan
C. Azalea pot
D. Mum pot
ANS: B

25. Greenhouse production often requires insecticides to be sprayed to prevent insect damage on flowers. Insecticides that are applied in gaseous form are ________________________.
A. Systemic
B. Fumigants
C. Contact
D. Repellents
ANS: B

26. Rubber Plants are commonly reproduced through an asexual propagation method known as ___________, which is shown to the right.
A. Air layering
B. Compound layering
C. Whip or tongue grafting
D. Cleft grafting
ANS: A

27. Most plants grow best in the 40-80 percent relative _____________ range. This is the amount of moisture that is contained in the air surrounding the plant.
A. Foot candles
B. Particles
C. Humidity
D. Dew point
ANS: C

28. One popular way of identifying plants is to observe their leaf ____________; which will tell the person if the leaves are opposite, alternate, whorled, etc.
A. Arrangement
B. Margins
C. Shape
D. Forms
ANS: A

29. A growing media amendment that is grown primarily in marshes, bogs or swamps and has a highwater holding capacity is known as ___________.
A. Perlite
B. Vermiculite
C. Sand
D. Peat Moss
ANS: D

30. In order to have a year-round supply of cut flowers, such as Tulips and Crocus, that grow from bulbs; greenhouse growers are known to __________ bulbs. This means they plant bulbs out of season and grow them in a cold or refrigerated area for 10-12 weeks.
A. Force
B. Fertilize
C. Prune
D. Divide
ANS: A

31. The waxy coating on the outside of a leaf, called the __________, serves to prevent excessive water loss from the leaf tissues.
A. Petiole
B. Stoma
C. Cuticle
D. Vein
ANS: C
32. When a plant is showing signs of ___________ deficiency, you might notice the leaves turning a dark to reddish leaf color.
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorus
C. Potassium
D. Sunlight
ANS: B

33. The item “labeled X” in the figure below, is the ____________, which attaches the leaf to the stem.
A. Petiole
B. Stipule
C. Midrib
D. Apex
ANS: A

34. The _____________ civilization is credited with being one of the first cultures to use floral arrangements in their homes.
A. American
B. Greek
C. European
D. Egyptian
ANS: D

35. The height of an arrangement should be at least ___________ times the container’s greatest dimension.
A. ½
B. 1 ½
C. 3
D. 5
ANS: B

36. Flowers, such as Baby’s Breath or Aster, are commonly referred to as ____________ flowers in floral arrangements.
A. Texture
B. Focal
C. Filler
D. Form
ANS: C

37. Which of the following greenhouse substrate components is derived from volcanic rock?
A. Vermiculite
B. Perlite
C. Peat
D. Bark Medium
ANS: B

38. Which of the following flowers could be used as a focal point in a floral design?
A. Wax flower
B. Bird-of-Paradise
C. Miniature Carnation
D. Leatherleaf Fern
ANS: B

39. The primary benefit(s) of shading a greenhouse is (are):
A. To keep the greenhouse temperatures lower
B. To reduce light intensity
C. To reduce pest populations
D. Both A and B
ANS: D

40. The process of _______________ is when a plant loses water through stomata.
A. Transduction
B. Translocation
C. Transpiration
D. None of the above
ANS: C

41. A greenhouse pest that is small with tan, feather-like wings would likely be a
______________________.
A. Fungus gnat
B. Greenhouse whitefly
C. Western flower thrip
D. Shore fly
ANS: C

42. _______________ is when a plant secretes a substance to inhibit growth of another plant.
A. Allelopathy
B. Anthesis
C. Transcription
D. Translation
ANS: A

43. The first thing to do before applying a pesticide is ____________________.
A. Fill the spray tank
B. Read the label
C. Put on personal protective equipment
D. Rinse out the sprayer tank
ANS: B

44. ___________ is the development of a plant from a seed or spore.
A. Scarification
B. Stratification
C. Vernalization
D. Germination
ANS: D

45. Aluminum can affect the color of what florist’s flower?
A. Hydrangea
B. Dahlia
C. Zinnia
D. Asiatic Lily
ANS: A

46. If one were to make a tint of yellow, what color would be added?
A. Black
B. Gray
C. White
D. Any of the above
ANS: C

47. Which of the following could be used to preserve or dry flowers and foliage?
A. Silica gel
B. Sand
C. Glycerin
D. All of the above
ANS: D

48. Which of the following would be a direct cost in a floral shop:
A. Cut flowers in the cooler
B. Insurance for the shop’s building
C. Energy bills
D. Membership fee for FTD
ANS: A

49. The following is not a characteristic of an insect:
A. Two tentacles
B. Six legs
C. Two pairs of wings
D. Three body segments
ANS: A

50. Most indoor foliage plants need which kind of lighting?
A. Direct sunlight
B. Bright indirect light
C. Medium light
D. Bright light
ANS: B