2023 Floriculture Career Development Event Test

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What causes the stomata on the leaf to open?
A. Darkness
B. Moisture Availability
C. Light
D. Oxygen
ANS: C

2. The ideal water-to-air ratio in the pores of the soil is  __________.
A. 25% air and 75% water
B. 60% air and 40% water
C. 80% air and 20% water
D. 50% air and 50% water
ANS: D

3. Root growth bio-stimulants do all of the following except:
A. Increase respiration
B. Improve water uptake
C. Increase the number of fibrous roots
D. Improve nutrient uptake
ANS: A

4. In floral design, the three secondary colors are:
A. brown, purple, white
B. orange, green, violet
C. red, yellow, blue
D. yellow, blue, green
ANS: B

5. Which of these lists of flowers are all line flowers?
A. Aster, daffodils, bells of Ireland, peonies
B. Roses, statice, carnations, sunflowers
C. Baby’s breath, liatris, sunflowers, roses
D. Liatris, gladiolus, snapdragons, delphinium
ANS: D

6. Ridge and furrow greenhouses by definition, are  __________.
A. greenhouses built as a stand-a-lone greenhouse
B. greenhouses connected to one another along the length
C. greenhouses built as a lean-to greenhouse
D. greenhouses with an uneven span design
ANS: B

7. Most plants grow best at pH of  __________.
A. 5.4-6.0
B. 4.5-5.8
C. 6.2-6.8
D. 7.0
ANS: C

8. The term used for the response of a plant to the day-night cycle is
A. Photoperiodism
B. Photosynthesis
C. Respiration
D. Assimilation
ANS: A

9. Which of these LD numbers would be the most toxic pesticide?
A. LD50 number of 855
B. LD50 number of 51
C. LD50 number of 411
D. LD50 number of 126
ANS: B

10. The process whereby nitrogen is lost from the soil to the atmosphere is called  __________.
A. chlorosis
B. nitrification
C. denitrification
D. leaching
ANS: C

11. Which statement is not true about pot sizes used in greenhouse production?
A. A standard pot is shorter in height than width
B. A bulb pan is half as high as its width
C. An azalea pot is not as tall as it is wide
D. A standard pot is equal in width and height
ANS: A

12. The term “forcing” in greenhouse plant production is:
A. getting a seed to germinate and grow
B. the use of fans to circulate air in a greenhouse
C. using growth regulators to control plant height
D. a term used to describe the practices that get bulbs to grow and produce flowers
ANS: D

13. Water tubes are:
A. a device to force water into the soil of a potted plant
B. a device to force water into a cool cell pad for evaporative cooling
C. the small tube with a weight on the end to place in a basket or potto water plants
D. a rubber-capped, plastic tube used for holding water and a single flower in floral work
ANS: D

14. The collection of petals on a flower is referred to as the:
A. sepal
B. corolla
C. calyx
D. pedicel
ANS: B

15. Flowers that have sepals, petals, stamen and pistils are called:
A. incomplete flowers
B. imperfect flowers
C. complete flowers
D. determinate flowers
ANS: C

16. Placement of materials at different levels within the arrangement helps establish:
A. depth
B. focal point
C. form
D. pattern
ANS: A

17. The pistil is
A. the female part of the flower
B. the male part of the flower
C. where the seed develops
D. easy to find on a lilac
ANS: A

18. A __________ is a floral piece commonly found at a funeral.
A. standing spray
B. corsage
C. nose gay
D. centerpiece arrangement
ANS: A

19. A 28 gauge florist wire is __________ than an 18 gauge wire.
A. thinner
B. shorter
C. longer
D. thicker
ANS: A

20. DIF, used for height management of crops, is the difference between the daytime temperature and
A. temperature requirement
B. morning temperature
C. night time temperature
D. none of the above
ANS: C

21. The fundamental guidelines to aesthetic design that govern the organization of the elements and materials in accordance with the laws of nature are known as   
A. elements of design
B. transitions of design
C. principles of design
D. none of the above
ANS: C

22. Which of the following is NOT a plant hormone that can be used as a plant growth regulator?
A. ethylene
B. anthocyanin
C. abscisic acid
D. gibberellin
ANS: B

23. The virtual visual path that directs eye movement through a composition is __________.
A. pattern
B. form
C. line
D. none of the above
ANS: C

24. The planned area within a floral design, which is devoid of flowers, foliage or  other objects, but is  still integral  to the design is known  as  __________.
A. the focal area
B. positive space
C. negative space
D. all of the above
ANS: C

25. The four raw materials needed for photosynthesis to occur in a plant are:
A. oxygen, water, glucose, and chlorophyll
B. nitrogen, water, sugar, and light
C. carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll, and light
D. light, water, glucose, oxygen
ANS: C

26. With mat irrigation, water moves by   __________ from the mat into the root substrate in the pot to maintain constant moisture.
A. zero-leaching
B. capillary action
C. xeri-action
D. overhead
ANS: B

27. The cost of the plant materials (i.e. cost of seeds, cutting, bulbs, or other plant propagules) would be examples of __________  costs on a financial planning sheet.
A. wholesale
B. overhead
C. fixed
D. direct
ANS: D

28. When propagating  asexually,  roses  can  be  reproduced  from  __________.
A. vegetative cuttings
B. budded plants
C. grafted plants
D. all of the above
ANS: D

29. Soil pH is based on the concentration of  __________ ions in the soil.
A. calcium
B. hydrogen
C. oxygen
D. sulfur
ANS: B

30. The  __________  phase begins when a plant’s seed germinates and grows producing leaves, stems, and roots.
A. annual
B. dormancy
C. reproductive
D. vegetative
ANS: D

31. The tiny pores in the epidermis of a leaf through which gas enters and escapes are  __________.
A. cuticle
B. petiole
C. stipule
D. stomata
ANS: D

32. The process of a plant losing water through the leaves in the form of water vapor is  referred to as  __________.
A. dehydration
B. photosynthesis
C. respiration
D. transpiration
ANS: D

33. The waxy coating, called the  __________, serves to prevent water loss from the leaf tissues.
A. axil
B. blade
C. cuticle
D. vein
ANS: C

34. Lime furnishes  __________, one of the most important of the macro food elements.
A. potassium
B. phosphorus
C. sulfur
D. calcium
ANS: D

35. Auxin is responsible for apical dominance in plants. Auxin is produced in three places in the plant located in the __________.
A. main stem, older leaves, and flowers
B. lower buds, leaf buds, and fruit
C. eaf petiole, shoot tips, and main older roots
D. shoot tips, young leaf blades, and root tips
ANS: D

36. A complete fertilizer is recommended for a greenhouse crop. Which fertilizer analysis below is NOT a complete fertilizer?
A. 16-4-8
B. 10-0-10
C. 5-10-10
D. 17-17-17
ANS: B

37. Mass flowers include all of the following except:
A. chrysanthemums
B. baby’s breath
C. carnations
D. zinnias 
ANS: B

38. Light intensity can be measured in units of:
A. nanometers
B. micrometers
C. foot-candles
D. newtons
ANS: C

39. The __________ transports water and nutrients from the roots to other parts of the plant.
A. phloem
B. xylem
C. pith
D. cambium
ANS: B

40. Crassula argentea is the botanical name for jade plant. Crassula is the __________ of the plant.
A. family
B. cultivar
C. species
D. genus
ANS: D

41. Indolebutyric acid (IBA) is commonly used to:
A. control insects
B. control diseases
C. raise soil pH
D. promote rooting of cuttings
ANS: D

42. A guideline for estimating the size for a floral design for a defined space is known as:
A. rule of thirds
B. third rule
C. the golden ration
D. the golden rule
ANS: A

43. The term variegated means?
A. leaves can only be both yellow and green
B. leaves have patches, stripes, or marks of different colors
C. leaves have only stripes of different colors
D. leaves are solid green with no other colors
ANS: B

44. Systemic dyeing occurs by plants absorbing color through the
A. petal
B. leaf
C. sepal
D. stem
ANS: D

45. Number  9  ribbon  is  approximately ____________ in length.
A. 5/8”
B. 7/8”
C. 1 and 7/16”
D. 2 and 11/16”
ANS: C

46. Floral foam is one of the most basic mechanics used in the floral industry. The term hydrophilic  foam  is ____________.
A. a foam that absorbs water
B. a brand name for foam
C. a type of foam that does not absorb water
D. a foam that is used with silk, plastic., or dried flowers
ANS: A

47. A Hogarth curve floral design is created by:
A. an “O” shape
B. a “C” shape
C. a “S” shape
D. a “H” shape
ANS: C

48. Clogged stems in cut flowers is caused by an air embolism. An air embolism is:
A. where disease organisms move into the flower from air clogging the stem
B. where a bubble of air enters the xylem preventing water from reaching the flower
C. where the difference between room and flower cooler temperature clog the stem
D. where the flower stem clogs when the flower cooler temperature drops below 36 degrees F
ANS: B

49. Gerbera daisies and daisy mums use the ____________ wiring method when used in corsages and boutonnieres.
A. hook
B. clutch
C. piercing
D. stitch
ANS: A

50. An acid loving plant grows best at a pH of ____________. 
A. 6.8-7.4
B. 6.2-6.8
C. 4.5-5.8
D. 5.8-6.2
ANS: C